[et_pb_section admin_label=“Sektion“ fullwidth=“on“ specialty=“off“][et_pb_fullwidth_image admin_label=“Volle Breite des Bildes“ src=“https:\/\/www.scivit.de\/lang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Header-8.jpg“ alt=“Precipitation in the Amazon rainforest in past millenia“ title_text=“Precipitation in the Amazon rainforest in past millenia“ show_in_lightbox=“off“ url_new_window=“off“ use_overlay=“off“ animation=“left“ use_border_color=“on“ border_color=“#0c71c3″ border_style=“solid“ border_width=“2px“] [\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=“section“][et_pb_row admin_label=“Zeile“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″][et_pb_post_title admin_label=“Posttitel“ title=“on“ meta=“on“ author=“on“ date=“on“ categories=“on“ comments=“on“ featured_image=“off“ featured_placement=“below“ parallax_effect=“on“ parallax_method=“on“ text_orientation=“left“ text_color=“dark“ text_background=“off“ text_bg_color=“rgba(255,255,255,0.9)“ module_bg_color=“rgba(255,255,255,0)“ title_all_caps=“off“ use_border_color=“off“ border_color=“#ffffff“ border_style=“solid“] [\/et_pb_post_title][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=“Zeile“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=“Text“ background_layout=“light“ text_orientation=“left“ use_border_color=“off“ border_color=“#ffffff“ border_style=“solid“ text_font_size=“18″]<\/p>\n
The Amazon rainforest is a critical hotspot for biodiversity and as a carbon sink. How will the rainforest react to shifts in temperature and precipitation in the wake of climate change? To answer such questions Wang and colleagues studied oxygen isotopes in mineral deposits from a cave in the center of the Eastern part of the Amazon rainforest. Data spanning the past 45 000 years with a decadal resolution were obtained from seven independent specimen. The material was dated using the uranium\/thorium dating technique.<\/p>\n
There are three stable oxygen isotopes (16O, 17O, 18O) with 16O as the abundant form. Water with 17O or 18O is heavier than water with 16O. Rainfall therefore is enriched in 18O and leads to an increase in 18O-values on the ground. High 18O-values during the last ice ages therefore referred to low precipitation during these times and low 18O-values about 6000 years ago referred to higher precipitation. Inspite of these relatively strong shifts in precipitation, rainforest persisted over the complete period analyzed. This was indicated by the analysis of carbon isotopes, which did not show signs of savanna-like ecosystems, rich in grasses.<\/p>\n
According to the results presented by Wang and colleagues, rainforest in the Amazonas basin is relatively stable persisting even at precipitation rates reduced by 40% compared to today. The positive relation between precipitation and global temperatures from the historic records predicts rather rising than falling precipitation in addition. The rise in deforestation, however, may change this relation. Drought, furthermore, is only one possible stress factor. The amazon rainforest will be exposed to many other disruptive effects of human activities in the future.<\/p>\n
Source: Wang et al., Nature 541, 204ff<\/a><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=“Zeile“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=“Links“ background_layout=“light“ text_orientation=“left“ use_border_color=“off“ border_color=“#ffffff“ border_style=“solid“ text_font_size=“18″]<\/p>\n Scivit News – Visual Science<\/a><\/p>\n More illustrations from Scivit<\/a><\/p>\n More videos from Scivit<\/a><\/p>\n Have a video abstract based on this cartoon (300 Euro)<\/a><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=“Zeile“ global_module=“619″ make_fullwidth=“off“ use_custom_width=“off“ width_unit=“on“ use_custom_gutter=“off“ padding_mobile=“off“ allow_player_pause=“off“ parallax=“off“ parallax_method=“off“ make_equal=“off“ parallax_1=“off“ parallax_method_1=“off“ column_padding_mobile=“on“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″][et_pb_post_nav global_parent=“619″ admin_label=“Beitragsnavigierung“ in_same_term=“off“ hide_prev=“off“ hide_next=“off“ prev_text=“Previous News“ next_text=“Further News“ use_border_color=“off“ border_color=“#ffffff“ border_style=“solid“ title_font_size=“18px“] [\/et_pb_post_nav][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [et_pb_section admin_label=“Sektion“ fullwidth=“on“ specialty=“off“][et_pb_fullwidth_image admin_label=“Volle Breite des Bildes“ src=“https:\/\/www.scivit.de\/lang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Header-8.jpg“ alt=“Precipitation in the Amazon rainforest in past millenia“ title_text=“Precipitation in the Amazon rainforest in past millenia“ show_in_lightbox=“off“ url_new_window=“off“ use_overlay=“off“ animation=“left“ use_border_color=“on“ border_color=“#0c71c3″ border_style=“solid“ border_width=“2px“] [\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=“section“][et_pb_row admin_label=“Zeile“][et_pb_column type=“4_4″][et_pb_post_title admin_label=“Posttitel“ title=“on“ meta=“on“ author=“on“ date=“on“ categories=“on“ comments=“on“ featured_image=“off“ featured_placement=“below“ parallax_effect=“on“ parallax_method=“on“ text_orientation=“left“ text_color=“dark“ text_background=“off“ text_bg_color=“rgba(255,255,255,0.9)“ module_bg_color=“rgba(255,255,255,0)“ title_all_caps=“off“ use_border_color=“off“ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":" [et_pb_section admin_label=\"Sektion\" fullwidth=\"on\" specialty=\"off\"][et_pb_fullwidth_image admin_label=\"Volle Breite des Bildes\" src=\"https:\/\/www.scivit.de\/lang\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/Header-8.jpg\" alt=\"Precipitation in the Amazon rainforest in past millenia\" title_text=\"Precipitation in the Amazon rainforest in past millenia\" show_in_lightbox=\"off\" url_new_window=\"off\" use_overlay=\"off\" animation=\"left\" use_border_color=\"on\" border_color=\"#0c71c3\" border_style=\"solid\" border_width=\"2px\"] [\/et_pb_fullwidth_image][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section admin_label=\"section\"][et_pb_row admin_label=\"Zeile\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_post_title admin_label=\"Posttitel\" title=\"on\" meta=\"on\" author=\"on\" date=\"on\" categories=\"on\" comments=\"on\" featured_image=\"off\" featured_placement=\"below\" parallax_effect=\"on\" parallax_method=\"on\" text_orientation=\"left\" text_color=\"dark\" text_background=\"off\" text_bg_color=\"rgba(255,255,255,0.9)\" module_bg_color=\"rgba(255,255,255,0)\" title_all_caps=\"off\" use_border_color=\"off\" border_color=\"#ffffff\" border_style=\"solid\"] [\/et_pb_post_title][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\"Zeile\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_text admin_label=\"Text\" background_layout=\"light\" text_orientation=\"left\" use_border_color=\"off\" border_color=\"#ffffff\" border_style=\"solid\" text_font_size=\"18\"]<\/p> Mitochondria are the powerhouses of oxygen-consuming organisms and respiratory complexes are the very turbines of this powerhouse. Basically they are catalyzing an oxyhydrogen reaction with the energy not being released in a bang, but being stored in chemical form. Respiratory complexes are made from many subunit proteins and the elucidation of their structures was a major achievement in structural biology. Thanks to cryo-electronmicroscopy higher aggregation forms of these complexes become accessible to scientists.<\/p> The inner mitochondrial membrane, the place where respiration ultimately takes place, is tightly packed with proteins. Given the fact that the energy liberated in respiration is stored in a proton-gradient across the inner membrane, a thight package of respiratory complexes makes also sense energetically. Complex V has been demonstrated to occur in dimeric rows along the cristae (https:\/\/www.scivit.de\/lang\/archive\/634). For the other complexes there seems to be more flexibility and various supercomplexes could be isolated so far. The structure of the most prominent, mammalian-type complex has been elucidated by Gu and colleagues. Ultimately also these supercomplexes seem to be arranged in strings or rows of higher steric order in the inner mitochondrial membrane (Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1787, 672 \u2013 680, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1787, 60\u201367).<\/p> Source:\u00a0 Gu et al., Nature, doi:10.1038\/nature19359<\/a><\/p> [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row admin_label=\"Zeile\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\"][et_pb_text admin_label=\"Links\" background_layout=\"light\" text_orientation=\"left\" use_border_color=\"off\" border_color=\"#ffffff\" border_style=\"solid\" text_font_size=\"18\"]<\/p> Scivit News - Visual Science<\/a><\/p> More illustrations from Scivit<\/a><\/p>Structure and function of respiratory complexes<\/h3>
Higher aggregation forms of respiratory complexes<\/h3>